Vital signs refer to the general term of body temperature, pulse, respiration and blood pressure. Through the observation of vital signs, we can understand the occurrence and development of diseases, so as to provide a reliable basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment. The instruments used to monitor these vital signs are called vital sign monitors.
Critically ill patients need real-time observation and care from medical staff, especially patients with cardiovascular diseases. Any negligence may affect the treatment of patients. Changes in the electrocardiogram reflect the state of the heart and cardiovascular. In order to reduce the pressure on medical staff and facilitate real-time observation of the patient's state, the earliest monitors appeared naturally.
In the 1970s, as the application value of continuous bedside monitoring was recognized, more vital signs of patients began to be monitored in real time. A variety of sign parameter monitors are gradually appearing in hospitals, including non-invasive blood pressure (NIBP), pulse rate, mean arterial pressure (MAP), blood oxygen saturation (SpO2), body temperature monitoring, etc. in real-time monitoring. At the same time, due to the popularization and application of microprocessors and fast electronic systems, monitors integrating multiple monitoring parameters are increasingly recognized by medical staff and widely used in clinical practice.
The principle of the vital signs monitor is to receive the human biological signal through the sensor, and then convert the biomedical signal into an electrical signal through the signal detection and preprocessing module, and perform preprocessing such as interference suppression, signal filtering and amplification. Then, sample and quantify through the data extraction and processing module, and calculate and analyze each parameter, compare the result with the set threshold, perform supervision and alarm, and store the result data in RAM (referring to random access memory) in real time. Send it to the PC, and the parameter values can be displayed in real time on the PC.
The multi-parameter vital sign monitor has also developed from the earliest waveform display to the display of numbers and waveforms on the same screen. The screen display of the monitor is constantly updated and improved, from the initial LED display, CRT display, to liquid crystal display, and to the more advanced color TFT display at present, which can ensure high resolution and clarity. , Eliminate the viewing angle problem, and the patient monitoring parameters and waveforms can be completely observed at any angle. In use, it can guarantee long-term high-definition and high-brightness visual effects.
In addition, with the high integration of circuits, the volume of vital sign monitors tends to be smaller and smaller, and the functions are more complete. While monitoring basic parameters such as ECG, NIBP, SPO2, TEMP, etc., they can also continuously monitor invasive Blood pressure, cardiac output, special anesthetic gas and other parameters. On this basis, the vital signs monitor has gradually developed to have powerful software analysis functions, such as arrhythmia analysis, pacing analysis, ST segment analysis, etc., and can review monitoring information according to clinical needs, including trend charts and table information Storage function, long storage time, large amount of information.
Post time: Feb-24-2023
